Evolving Visions: A Comprehensive Review of Contemporary and Emerging Technologies in Anterior Segment Imaging

Abstract

Background: The anterior segment of the eye, which includes the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens, has always been critical for vision. Over the years, imaging of this segment has significantly evolved, with the development of various modalities to aid in the diagnosis and management of ocular conditions. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of these contemporary imaging modalities.

Methods: A thorough literature review was conducted, focusing on the technical aspects and clinical applications of various imaging modalities, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), Scheimpflug imaging, corneal topography and tomography, in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM), specular microscopy, and anterior segment photography and videography.

Results: Each imaging modality offers unique advantages and has specific applications in diagnosing and managing various ocular conditions. Emerging technologies, such as intense pulse light (IPL), contoured prism spectacle lenses, smartphone-based imaging, artificial intelligence (AI), and adaptive optics show promise in revolutionizing anterior segment imaging.

Conclusion: The advancements in anterior segment imaging have significantly improved our ability to diagnose and manage ocular conditions. These technologies offer practical implications in improving patient outcomes, enhancing clinical efficiency, and opening new avenues for research. As we continue to refine these technologies and develop new ones, we can expect to see further improvements in patient care.