Submissions

Author Guidelines

Quality of Life and Health Sciences welcomes scholarly manuscripts that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in quality of life, health sciences, clinical care, public health, mental health, rehabilitation, lifestyle, prevention, health promotion, patient outcomes, and related interdisciplinary fields. The journal publishes high-quality academic work that improves understanding of the physical, psychological, social, behavioral, cultural, environmental, and clinical factors influencing health and quality of life.

Authors are encouraged to submit original and scientifically rigorous manuscripts that are relevant to researchers, clinicians, health professionals, policymakers, educators, and other stakeholders interested in health and well-being. Manuscripts may be based on quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, correlational, clinical, community-based, methodological, or review-based research designs.

Quality of Life and Health Sciences is an open access, quarterly journal that uses a double-blind anonymous peer-review process. Each submitted manuscript is reviewed by two or three independent reviewers after initial editorial screening. The journal expects all manuscripts to be original, ethically prepared, methodologically sound, clearly written, and formatted according to the journal’s instructions.

All manuscripts submitted to the journal must use APA style for in-text citations and reference list formatting. Authors should ensure that all cited sources appear in the reference list and that all references listed are cited in the text. References must be accurate, complete, and consistent.

This guideline explains how authors should prepare and organize manuscripts for submission to Quality of Life and Health Sciences, with particular attention to the main manuscript sections: Introduction, Methods and Materials, Findings and Results, Discussion, and Conclusion.

General Manuscript Requirements

Manuscripts should be written in clear, formal, academic English. Authors should avoid informal language, exaggerated claims, unsupported conclusions, and unnecessary repetition. The manuscript should be logically organized, scientifically precise, and easy to follow.

The manuscript should normally include the following main components:

1. Title page
2. Abstract
3. Keywords
4. Introduction
5. Methods and Materials
6. Findings and Results
7. Discussion
8. Conclusion
9. Ethical Considerations
10. Funding Statement
11. Conflict of Interest Statement
12. Authors’ Contributions
13. Acknowledgments, if applicable
14. References
15. Tables and figures, if applicable
16. Appendices or supplementary materials, if applicable

Because the journal uses double-blind peer review, identifying information should not appear in the main manuscript file. Author names, affiliations, emails, ORCID IDs, acknowledgments, funding information that identifies the authors, and institutional identifiers should be provided separately when required by the submission system.

Title Page

The title page should be submitted separately from the blinded manuscript file. It should include:

• Full title of the manuscript
• Short running title, if required
• Full names of all authors
• Institutional affiliations of all authors
• Email address of the corresponding author
• ORCID ID of each author, if available
• Funding information
• Conflict of interest statement
• Authors’ contributions
• Acknowledgments, if applicable

The title should be concise, informative, and scientifically accurate. It should clearly reflect the main subject, population, intervention, variables, or design of the study. Authors should avoid overly broad, vague, or promotional titles.

Abstract

The abstract should provide a clear and concise summary of the manuscript. It should allow readers to understand the purpose, methods, major findings, and conclusion of the study without reading the full article.

For original research articles, the abstract should usually include:

• Objective: The main aim or research question of the study.
• Methods and Materials: Study design, participants, setting, sampling method, instruments, intervention if applicable, and data analysis methods.
• Findings: Main results, including important statistical or thematic findings.
• Conclusion: Main interpretation and implication of the findings.
• Keywords: Usually 4 to 6 keywords relevant to the article.

The abstract should not include references, undefined abbreviations, excessive methodological detail, or claims that are not supported by the manuscript.

Keywords

Authors should provide 4 to 6 keywords. Keywords should represent the main topic, population, method, variables, and field of the study. Appropriate keywords improve discoverability and indexing.

Examples of suitable keywords include:

Quality of Life; Health Sciences; Mental Health; Public Health; Rehabilitation; Chronic Disease; Health-Related Quality of Life; Lifestyle Medicine; Patient Outcomes; Psychological Well-Being.

Introduction

The Introduction section should present the background, rationale, research gap, and objective of the study. It should move logically from the general topic to the specific research problem addressed in the manuscript.

The introduction should begin by explaining the importance of the topic in the field of quality of life and health sciences. Authors should describe the broader scientific, clinical, social, or public health context of the study. The opening paragraphs should help readers understand why the topic matters and why it deserves scholarly attention.

Authors should then review relevant literature. The literature review should not be a simple list of previous studies. Instead, it should synthesize existing evidence, compare findings, identify patterns, and explain how prior research relates to the current study. Authors should cite recent, relevant, and credible sources using APA style. Classic or foundational sources may also be cited when necessary.

The introduction should clearly identify the research problem. Authors should explain what is already known, what remains unclear, and what gap the current study addresses. The research gap may involve a lack of evidence in a specific population, limited research in a cultural or clinical context, inconsistent findings in previous studies, methodological weaknesses in earlier research, lack of intervention studies, insufficient qualitative understanding, or limited attention to specific quality-of-life outcomes.

A strong introduction should answer the following questions:

• What is the main topic of the study?
• Why is this topic important?
• What does previous research show?
• What limitations or gaps exist in previous research?
• Why is the current study necessary?
• What is the specific aim, question, or hypothesis of the study?

The final paragraph of the introduction should state the aim of the study clearly. If the manuscript includes hypotheses or research questions, they should be presented at the end of the introduction.

Examples of suitable aim statements include:

“The present study aimed to examine the relationship between health literacy, self-care behaviors, and quality of life among patients with chronic disease.”

“The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a lifestyle-based intervention on psychological well-being and health-related quality of life among adults with metabolic syndrome.”

“The present qualitative study aimed to explore the lived experiences of patients regarding the factors influencing quality of life after diagnosis with a chronic illness.”

Authors should avoid introducing results in the introduction. They should also avoid overstating the novelty or importance of the study. Claims such as “no study has ever examined this topic” should only be used if supported by a careful literature review.

Methods and Materials

The Methods and Materials section should describe exactly how the study was conducted. This section must provide enough detail for readers, reviewers, and other researchers to evaluate the validity, reliability, transparency, and reproducibility of the study.

For original research articles, the Methods and Materials section may include the following subsections:

Study Design

Authors should clearly identify the design of the study. Examples include:

• Cross-sectional study
• Longitudinal study
• Randomized controlled trial
• Quasi-experimental study
• Pre-test/post-test study
• Case-control study
• Cohort study
• Qualitative phenomenological study
• Grounded theory study
• Thematic analysis study
• Mixed-methods study
• Systematic review
• Meta-analysis

The design should be appropriate for the research question. Authors should avoid vague descriptions such as “descriptive method” without further explanation.

Study Setting

Authors should describe where the study was conducted. This may include hospitals, clinics, schools, universities, rehabilitation centers, community centers, health centers, online platforms, or other settings.

The setting should be described clearly but should not reveal identifying information if anonymity is required for peer review. For example, in the blinded manuscript, authors may write “a university hospital in [country/region]” instead of naming the institution.

Participants

Authors should describe the study population and participants. This should include relevant demographic and clinical characteristics such as age, gender, diagnosis, health status, educational level, occupation, disease duration, or other characteristics depending on the study.

Authors should clearly state the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria define who was eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria define who was not eligible or who was removed from the study.

Examples:

“Inclusion criteria were age between 18 and 65 years, diagnosis of type 2 diabetes for at least one year, ability to complete the questionnaires, and willingness to participate.”

“Exclusion criteria were severe psychiatric disorder, cognitive impairment, incomplete questionnaire responses, and participation in another intervention program during the study period.”

Sample Size and Sampling Method

Authors should report the sample size and explain how it was determined. If a sample size calculation was performed, the authors should describe the assumptions, including effect size, power, significance level, and software used.

Authors should also describe the sampling method. Examples include:

• Convenience sampling
• Random sampling
• Stratified sampling
• Cluster sampling
• Purposive sampling
• Snowball sampling
• Census sampling

For qualitative studies, authors should explain how participants were selected and how data saturation, information power, or adequacy of data was determined.

Instruments and Measures

Authors should describe all instruments, questionnaires, scales, interview guides, checklists, physiological measures, clinical assessments, or observational tools used in the study.

For each instrument, authors should provide:

• Full name of the instrument
• Purpose of the instrument
• Number of items
• Subscales, if applicable
• Scoring method
• Range of scores
• Interpretation of higher or lower scores
• Evidence of validity and reliability
• Previous use in similar populations, if applicable

If a translated or culturally adapted instrument was used, authors should describe the translation, validation, or adaptation process. If the authors developed a new tool, they should explain how it was developed and how its validity and reliability were assessed.

Intervention or Procedure

If the study includes an intervention, program, treatment, training package, educational course, rehabilitation protocol, counseling method, or clinical procedure, the authors must describe it in detail.

The intervention description should include:

• Name of the intervention
• Theoretical basis
• Number of sessions
• Duration of each session
• Frequency of sessions
• Total length of intervention
• Content of each session
• Qualifications of the intervention provider
• Delivery format, such as individual, group, online, face-to-face, or hybrid
• Control or comparison condition
• Follow-up period, if applicable

For non-intervention studies, authors should describe the data collection procedure. This includes recruitment, informed consent, questionnaire administration, interviews, clinical assessments, timing of measurements, and handling of incomplete responses.

Data Collection

Authors should explain how and when data were collected. The description should be chronological and clear.

For quantitative studies, authors should describe the administration of questionnaires, clinical assessments, tests, or measurements.

For qualitative studies, authors should describe interview procedures, focus groups, observation, field notes, audio recording, transcription, translation, and data management.

For online studies, authors should describe the platform used, recruitment method, consent process, prevention of duplicate responses, and data security measures.

Data Analysis

Authors should explain how the data were analyzed.

For quantitative studies, authors should report:

• Statistical software used
• Descriptive statistics
• Tests for normality, if applicable
• Statistical tests used for each research question or hypothesis
• Significance level
• Effect sizes, if applicable
• Confidence intervals, if applicable
• Handling of missing data
• Assumption testing, if applicable

Examples of statistical tests include independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, chi-square test, analysis of variance, repeated measures ANOVA, analysis of covariance, regression analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, logistic regression, and non-parametric tests.

For qualitative studies, authors should report:

• Analytical approach, such as thematic analysis, content analysis, phenomenological analysis, grounded theory, or narrative analysis
• Coding procedure
• Development of themes or categories
• Use of software, if applicable
• Trustworthiness strategies
• Researcher reflexivity
• Member checking, peer debriefing, audit trail, or triangulation, if used

For mixed-methods studies, authors should explain both quantitative and qualitative analysis and describe how the two sets of findings were integrated.

Ethical Considerations

The Methods and Materials section must include ethical information. Authors should state whether the study received ethics committee approval. If applicable, the ethics approval code should be provided.

Authors should also state that informed consent was obtained from participants. For studies involving vulnerable groups, additional protections should be described.

A standard ethical statement may include:

“This study was approved by the relevant institutional ethics committee. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, voluntary participation, confidentiality of information, and their right to withdraw at any stage. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before data collection.”

If ethics approval was not required, authors should explain why.

Findings and Results

The Findings and Results section should present the outcomes of the study clearly, accurately, and objectively. This section should report what was found, without extensive interpretation. Interpretation should mainly be reserved for the Discussion section.

The title of this section may vary depending on the study design. For quantitative manuscripts, Results is usually appropriate. For qualitative manuscripts, Findings may be more suitable. For mixed-methods manuscripts, authors may use Findings and Results or organize the section into quantitative and qualitative subsections.

Quantitative Results

For quantitative studies, authors should present results in a logical order that follows the study objectives, research questions, or hypotheses.

The Results section may include:

• Participant characteristics
• Descriptive statistics
• Baseline comparisons, if applicable
• Main inferential results
• Secondary analyses
• Follow-up analyses
• Tables and figures

Authors should report descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, median, interquartile range, minimum, and maximum where appropriate.

Inferential statistics should be reported clearly and accurately. Authors should include test values, degrees of freedom, p-values, confidence intervals, and effect sizes when applicable.

Examples:

“There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in post-test quality of life scores, F(1, 58) = 12.46, p < .001, η² = .18.”

“Self-care behavior was positively correlated with health-related quality of life, r = .42, p < .001.”

“The regression model significantly predicted psychological well-being, F(3, 196) = 18.75, p < .001, explaining 22% of the variance.”

Authors should avoid vague statements such as “the results were significant” without reporting the statistical evidence. They should also avoid repeating every number from a table in the text. Instead, the text should highlight the most important findings while tables provide detailed values.

Qualitative Findings

For qualitative studies, findings should be presented through themes, categories, subthemes, concepts, or narrative patterns. Authors should clearly explain how the findings emerged from the data.

A qualitative Findings section may include:

• Main themes
• Subthemes
• Categories
• Participant quotations
• Interpretive explanation
• Relationships among themes

Participant quotations should be used to support themes. Quotations should be concise, relevant, and anonymized. Authors must ensure that quotations do not reveal participant identity.

Example:

“One of the main themes was ‘loss of independence.’ Participants described how physical limitations affected their daily routines, social participation, and sense of personal control.”

Participant quotations may be presented as follows:

Participant 4 stated, “After my illness, I could not do simple things by myself, and this made me feel dependent on everyone.”

Authors should ensure that qualitative findings are not merely descriptive. They should show analytical depth and explain the meaning of the data in relation to the research question.

Mixed-Methods Findings

For mixed-methods studies, authors should present both quantitative and qualitative findings clearly. They may organize the section by method or by research question.

Authors should explain how the qualitative and quantitative findings relate to each other. For example, qualitative findings may explain quantitative results, or quantitative results may support patterns identified in qualitative data.

Tables and Figures in Results

Tables and figures should be used when they improve clarity. They should not duplicate the same information unnecessarily.

Tables may be used for:

• Demographic characteristics
• Descriptive statistics
• Statistical test results
• Regression models
• Correlation matrices
• Intervention session summaries
• Qualitative themes and subthemes

Figures may be used for:

• Conceptual models
• Flow diagrams
• Trend graphs
• Intervention frameworks
• Thematic maps
• Structural models

All tables and figures should be numbered and titled according to APA style. Each table or figure must be mentioned in the text before it appears.

Examples:

“As shown in Table 1, the two groups were similar in demographic characteristics at baseline.”

“Figure 1 presents the final thematic model derived from the interviews.”

Discussion

The Discussion section should interpret the findings, explain their meaning, compare them with previous research, and describe their theoretical, clinical, practical, or public health implications.

The Discussion should begin with a brief summary of the main findings. Authors should not repeat all results in detail. Instead, they should highlight the most important findings in relation to the study aim.

Example:

“The present study aimed to examine the association between health literacy, self-care behaviors, and quality of life among patients with chronic disease. The findings showed that higher health literacy and stronger self-care behaviors were significantly associated with better quality of life.”

After summarizing the main findings, authors should interpret them. Interpretation means explaining why the findings may have occurred, what mechanisms may explain them, and how they contribute to knowledge.

Authors should compare their findings with previous studies. They should explain whether their results are consistent or inconsistent with earlier research. When findings differ from previous studies, authors should provide possible explanations, such as differences in population, sample size, cultural context, instruments, intervention duration, measurement timing, or study design.

The Discussion should answer the following questions:

• What are the main findings?
• What do the findings mean?
• How do the findings compare with previous studies?
• Why might these findings have occurred?
• What is the contribution of the study?
• What are the theoretical, clinical, or practical implications?
• What limitations should be considered?
• What should future studies examine?

Authors should avoid unsupported speculation. Interpretations should be grounded in the findings and existing literature. The Discussion should not introduce new results that were not presented in the Results section.

Implications

Authors should explain the implications of their findings. Depending on the manuscript, implications may be:

• Clinical implications
• Public health implications
• Educational implications
• Policy implications
• Rehabilitation implications
• Psychological implications
• Methodological implications
• Research implications

For example, an intervention study may discuss how the intervention can be used by health professionals. A qualitative study may explain how participants’ experiences can inform patient-centered care. A methodological study may explain how a validated instrument can support future research.

Limitations

All manuscripts should include limitations. Limitations should be honest, specific, and directly related to the study design and methods.

Common limitations include:

• Small sample size
• Convenience sampling
• Cross-sectional design
• Self-report measures
• Lack of randomization
• Lack of control group
• Short follow-up period
• Limited generalizability
• Possible response bias
• Cultural or geographical limitations
• Missing data
• Limited diversity of participants

Authors should explain how limitations affect interpretation, but they should not dismiss the value of the study. A well-written limitations paragraph increases transparency and credibility.

Recommendations for Future Research

Authors should suggest directions for future research based on the study findings and limitations. Recommendations should be realistic and specific.

Examples:

“Future studies should use larger and more diverse samples to examine the generalizability of the findings.”

“Longitudinal studies are recommended to clarify the causal relationships among health literacy, self-care behaviors, and quality of life.”

“Future intervention studies should include longer follow-up periods to determine the sustainability of treatment effects.”

Conclusion

The Conclusion section should provide a concise and meaningful final statement about the study. It should summarize the main contribution of the manuscript without repeating the entire Discussion.

A strong conclusion should:

• Restate the main finding or contribution
• Link the finding to the study aim
• Emphasize the importance of the work
• Mention practical or scientific relevance
• Avoid unsupported claims
• Avoid introducing new data or citations

Example:

“In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that health literacy and self-care behaviors are important factors associated with quality of life among patients with chronic disease. These results highlight the need for patient-centered educational interventions that strengthen self-management skills and support improved health outcomes.”

The conclusion should be clear, balanced, and directly supported by the results. Authors should not overgeneralize findings beyond the study population or design. For example, a cross-sectional study should not claim causality, and a small pilot study should not claim definitive effectiveness.

APA In-Text Citation Style

All manuscripts submitted to Quality of Life and Health Sciences must use APA style for in-text citations. Authors should ensure that citations are accurate, complete, and consistent throughout the manuscript.

Parenthetical Citation

In parenthetical citation, the author’s surname and year appear in parentheses.

Examples:

Quality of life is influenced by physical, psychological, and social factors (Smith, 2022).

Health literacy has been associated with improved self-care behaviors (Brown & Miller, 2021).

Narrative Citation

In narrative citation, the author’s name appears as part of the sentence, followed by the year in parentheses.

Examples:

Smith (2022) emphasized the multidimensional nature of quality of life.

Brown and Miller (2021) found that health literacy was associated with better self-care behaviors.

One Author

Example:

Recent research has shown that lifestyle behaviors are related to mental well-being (Johnson, 2020).

Two Authors

For two authors, cite both names every time.

Example:

Health-related quality of life is affected by social support and disease severity (Williams & Chen, 2021).

Three or More Authors

For three or more authors, use the first author’s surname followed by “et al.”

Example:

Chronic disease management is strongly influenced by patient education and self-efficacy (Garcia et al., 2023).

Multiple Sources in One Citation

When citing multiple sources in the same parentheses, list them alphabetically and separate them with semicolons.

Example:

Quality of life has been widely studied in relation to chronic illness, mental health, and social support (Adams, 2020; Brown & Miller, 2021; Garcia et al., 2023).

Direct Quotations

Direct quotations should be used sparingly. When quoting directly, authors must include the page number.

Example:

Quality of life has been described as “a multidimensional construct shaped by health, environment, and personal expectations” (Smith, 2022, p. 45).

Organizations as Authors

If the author is an organization, use the full name at first citation. If the organization has a well-known abbreviation, the abbreviation may be used after the first citation.

Example:

First citation: (World Health Organization [WHO], 2021)
Later citations: (WHO, 2021)

Same Author and Same Year

If two or more sources by the same author from the same year are cited, use lowercase letters after the year.

Example:

Several studies have examined this relationship (Johnson, 2022a, 2022b).

APA Reference List Style

The reference list should appear at the end of the manuscript under the heading References. All references must follow APA style.

General rules:

• References should be arranged alphabetically by the surname of the first author.
• Every in-text citation must appear in the reference list.
• Every reference in the reference list must be cited in the text.
• Use hanging indentation.
• Include DOI links when available.
• Journal titles and volume numbers should be italicized.
• Article titles should be written in sentence case.
• Journal titles should be written in title case.

Journal Article

Format:

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of the article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), page range. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Example:

Smith, J. A., Brown, L. M., & Wilson, R. T. (2022). Health literacy and quality of life among adults with chronic disease. Journal of Health Psychology, 27(4), 455–468. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxxx

Journal Article Without DOI

Example:

Miller, K. L., & Chen, Y. (2021). Social support and psychological well-being in older adults. International Journal of Health Sciences, 15(2), 88–101.

Book

Format:

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the book. Publisher.

Example:

Johnson, R. M. (2020). Health behavior and quality of life. Academic Press.

Edited Book Chapter

Format:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of chapter. In E. E. Editor & F. F. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xx–xx). Publisher.

Example:

Williams, P. R., & Garcia, M. L. (2021). Psychological well-being in chronic illness. In T. Adams & S. Clark (Eds.), Perspectives on health and quality of life (pp. 115–136). Springer.

Website

Format:

Organization Name. (Year). Title of webpage. URL

Example:

World Health Organization. (2021). Health promotion and disease prevention. https://www.who.int

Thesis or Dissertation

Format:

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of thesis or dissertation [Doctoral dissertation or Master’s thesis, Name of University]. Database or Repository Name.

Example:

Anderson, M. K. (2020). Quality of life among adults receiving rehabilitation services [Doctoral dissertation, University of Melbourne]. Institutional Repository.

Tables and Figures

Tables and figures should follow APA style and should be used only when they improve the clarity of the manuscript.

Each table should have:

• Table number
• Clear title
• Column headings
• Relevant notes, if necessary
• Explanation of abbreviations

Each figure should have:

• Figure number
• Clear title or caption
• Readable labels
• Explanation of symbols, abbreviations, or statistical indicators

Tables and figures should be cited in the text before they appear. Authors should not submit tables as images unless necessary. Tables should be editable.

Ethical Requirements

Authors must ensure that all research involving human participants complies with ethical standards. Manuscripts should include an ethical considerations statement.

The statement should include:

• Ethics committee approval
• Approval code, if applicable
• Informed consent
• Confidentiality protections
• Voluntary participation
• Right to withdraw
• Protection of vulnerable participants, if applicable

Example:

“This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. All participants received information about the study objectives and procedures. Participation was voluntary, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Participants were assured that their information would remain confidential and that they could withdraw from the study at any stage.”

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors must disclose any conflicts of interest. If there are no conflicts, the manuscript should include the following statement:

“The authors declare no conflicts of interest.”

Conflicts of interest may include financial, institutional, personal, academic, or professional interests that could influence the research.

Funding Statement

Authors must disclose all sources of funding. If the study received no funding, the manuscript should include:

“This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”

If the study was funded, authors should state the funder’s name and grant number, if available.

Authors’ Contributions

The manuscript should include a statement describing each author’s contribution. Contributions may include conceptualization, methodology, data collection, data analysis, writing the original draft, reviewing and editing, supervision, project administration, and final approval.

Example:

“All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection and analysis were performed by [Author Name]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [Author Name], and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”

Acknowledgments

Authors may acknowledge individuals or organizations that contributed to the manuscript but do not meet authorship criteria. This may include technical assistance, language editing, statistical consultation, administrative support, or institutional cooperation.

Acknowledgment should be included only with the permission of the individuals being acknowledged.

Plagiarism and Similarity Check

All submitted manuscripts are screened using iThenticate. Manuscripts must be original and must not contain plagiarism, inappropriate paraphrasing, duplicate publication, or excessive text recycling.

Authors should cite all sources properly and should avoid copying text from published or unpublished materials. Similarity in standard methods or common academic phrases may be acceptable, but substantial overlap in the introduction, results, discussion, or conclusion is not acceptable.

Manuscripts with serious plagiarism or ethical problems may be rejected at any stage.

Submission Preparation Checklist

Before submitting a manuscript to Quality of Life and Health Sciences, authors should confirm that:

• The manuscript fits the aims and scope of the journal.
• The manuscript is original and not under review elsewhere.
• The manuscript is written in clear academic English.
• The title is accurate and informative.
• The abstract summarizes the objective, methods, findings, and conclusion.
• Keywords are relevant and searchable.
• The Introduction clearly explains the background, gap, and aim.
• The Methods and Materials section provides enough detail.
• Ethical approval and informed consent are reported.
• The Findings and Results section presents data clearly and accurately.
• The Discussion interprets findings and compares them with previous literature.
• The Conclusion is supported by the findings.
• APA in-text citation style is used throughout the manuscript.
• The reference list follows APA style.
• All in-text citations appear in the reference list.
• All references are cited in the text.
• Tables and figures are numbered and titled properly.
• Conflict of interest and funding statements are included.
• Author information has been removed from the blinded manuscript file.
• All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.

Final Note

Authors submitting to Quality of Life and Health Sciences are expected to follow these guidelines carefully. Manuscripts that do not comply with the journal’s formatting, ethical, citation, or structural requirements may be returned for correction before peer review or rejected during editorial screening.

The journal encourages authors to prepare manuscripts with scientific rigor, ethical responsibility, clarity, transparency, and respect for APA citation and reference standards. Proper adherence to these guidelines improves the quality of the submission and supports a fair and efficient peer-review process.