Coping Mechanisms Among Patients with Terminal Illnesses

Abstract

Patients with terminal illnesses face multifaceted challenges that affect their emotional, physical, and social well-being. Understanding how these patients cope with the complexities of their condition is crucial for improving healthcare support and interventions. This study aims to explore the various coping mechanisms employed by terminally ill patients and to identify the main themes of these strategies. A qualitative research design was utilized for this study, focusing on semi-structured interviews with 24 terminally ill patients. Interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation was achieved, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the experiences discussed by participants. Data analysis was performed using NVivo software to facilitate the thematic analysis and to identify recurrent patterns in the coping strategies described. Four main themes were identified in the study: Emotional Coping, Physical Coping, Social Support, and Practical Management. Emotional Coping included categories such as Acceptance, Denial, Expression, Spiritual Coping, and Distraction. Physical Coping was characterized by Pain Management and Routine Maintenance. Social Support emerged strongly with subthemes like Family Involvement, Peer Support, and Professional Help. Practical Management involved Information Seeking, Healthcare Navigation, Resource Utilization, Legacy Activities, and Future Planning. Each category was supported by specific concepts illustrating the patients’ coping strategies. The study revealed a broad spectrum of coping mechanisms that are critical for managing the challenges posed by terminal illnesses. These mechanisms span emotional, physical, social, and practical domains, highlighting the need for a holistic approach in the care and support of terminally ill patients. Healthcare providers should consider these diverse coping strategies when designing and implementing care plans to enhance patient well-being and quality of life.