Determination of the Psychometric Properties of the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (INDUC) and Its Relationship with General Health (GHQ-28) in an Iranian Population

Authors

    Fatemeh Tarzi Master's degree, Department of Psychology and Social Sciences, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
    Jalil Younisi Broujeni * Department of Psychology and Social Sciences, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran jalilyounesi@gmail.com
    Ali Fathi Department of Psychology and Social Sciences, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Keywords:

Drug use consequences, general health, reliability, validity, norm

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences. This study was an exploratory investigation based on classical test theory and is classified as an instrument development study. The statistical population consisted of all individuals with a history of substance use who were receiving treatment at Karizak Addiction Treatment Center. A convenience sample of 382 participants was selected from this center. The Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (INDUC) is a standardized instrument for assessing the negative consequences of substance use, developed by Tonigan and Miller (2022). In this field study, data were collected using the INDUC and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data were gathered through the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (Tonigan & Miller, 2022) and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972) and analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (principal component analysis) and confirmatory factor analysis with SPSS and AMOS software. Based on the findings of this study, the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and reliability in the Iranian population. Reliability and validity at both the subscale and total score levels, along with good model fit of the five-factor structure in both exploratory and confirmatory analyses, indicate the adequacy of the factor structure of this instrument. The results showed that the items of the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences possess acceptable reliability and adequate construct validity. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between the total scores and subscales of the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences and the General Health Questionnaire.

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Additional Files

Published

2026-01-10

Submitted

2025-09-28

Revised

2025-12-20

Accepted

2025-12-27

Issue

Section

Health Psychology

Categories

How to Cite

Tarzi, F., Younisi Broujeni, J., & Fathi, A. . (2026). Determination of the Psychometric Properties of the Inventory of Drug Use Consequences (INDUC) and Its Relationship with General Health (GHQ-28) in an Iranian Population. KMAN Counseling & Psychology Nexus, 4, 1-14. https://journals.kmanpub.com/index.php/psychnexus/article/view/4923