Sexual Assault: The Burden of Proof for Survivors

Abstract

Sexual assault is a global concern affecting individuals of all ages, races, and socioeconomic statuses, with significant adverse impacts on physical, mental, economic, and social well-being. This paper advocates for policy change to support survivors of sexual assault by examining articles that provide a comprehensive overview of sexual assault as a pattern of intimate partner violence in the United States. The review explores vulnerable populations, gaslighting tactics, rape myths, and how disbelief reduces survivor reporting and increases trauma, including PTSD. Although gender-neutral language is used throughout, the focus is on women's perspectives due to the high rates of violence committed by men against women. A multi-disciplinary approach incorporating medical, mental health, law enforcement support, and advocacy is recommended to lessen secondary victimization and empower survivors in resolving their cases within the criminal justice system.