A Model for Explaining Depression Based on Demoralization Syndrome with the Mediation of Guilt in Caregivers of Patients with Life-Threatening Illnesses

Abstract

The present study aimed to explain the model of depression based on demoralization syndrome with the mediating role of guilt in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses (cancer, stroke, and heart disease). A descriptive-correlational method using structural equation modeling was employed. A sample of 240 individuals was conveniently selected from the oncology, CCU, and ICU wards of Imam, Fatemeh Zahra, Bu Ali Sari, and Razi Qaemshahr hospitals. Participants responded to the Beck Depression Inventory (1996), the Kissane Demoralization Scale (2004), and the Eysenck Guilt Scale (2007). Data were analyzed using SPSS and Amos software.  The results of the data analysis indicated that the model of depression based on demoralization syndrome with the mediation of guilt in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses can be explained. Demoralization syndrome has a direct effect on depression in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses. Demoralization syndrome has a direct effect on guilt in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses. Guilt has a direct effect on depression in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses. Demoralization syndrome has an indirect effect on depression through the mediating role of guilt in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that in interventions aimed at reducing depression in caregivers of elderly patients with life-threatening illnesses, special attention should be paid to the variables of demoralization syndrome and guilt.