The Impact of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Lactobacillus Supplementation on the Expression of Adiponectin and Appl1 Genes in the Liver Tissue of Wistar Rats with Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract

Objective:  The present study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise combined with Lactobacillus supplementation on the expression of adiponectin and APPL1 genes in the liver tissue of rats induced with fatty liver.

Materials and Methods: A total of 32 rats with an average weight of 220±20 grams were divided into 4 groups: 1. FLCG (Fatty liver control group), 2. FLLSG(Fatty liver with Lactobacillus supplementation group), 3. FLAEG: (Fatty liver with aerobic exercise group), 4. FLAELS(Fatty liver with combined aerobic exercise and Lactobacillus supplementation group).The first group was fed a standard rodent diet, while the fatty liver groups were converted into a model group by receiving tetracycline via gavage. In the exercise and exercise ± supplementation groups, aerobic training was conducted on a treadmill for 6 weeks, 5 days a week. The supplementation groups received 109 CFU/ml of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG daily via gavage for 5 weeks. Surgery and liver biopsy were performed at the end of the study. The expression levels of adiponectin and APPL1 genes in liver tissue were measured using Real-Time PCR technique. All data from this study were analyzed using SPSS version 24. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test were used for intergroup comparisons, with a significance level set at p<0.05.

Findings: The findings regarding adiponectin gene expression indicated no significant difference between the control group and the supplementation group (p=0.401). However, both aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise with supplementation groups showed significant differences compared to the control group (p=0.001). Thus, aerobic exercise combined with Lactobacillus supplementation significantly affects adiponectin gene expression in the liver tissue of rats with induced fatty liver. Similarly, results for APPL1 gene expression showed no significant difference between the control and supplementation groups (p=0.200), but both aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise-supplementation groups exhibited significant differences compared to the control group (p=0.001). Therefore, aerobic exercise combined with Lactobacillus supplementation significantly impacts APPL1 gene expression in the liver tissue of rats with induced fatty liver.

Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the effective role of aerobic exercise and Lactobacillus consumption on the expression of adiponectin and APPL1 genes in liver tissue in laboratory samples of fatty liver disease. If the exercise regimen is sufficiently intense and prolonged, it can play a major role in treating fatty liver.