Identifying the Causes of Communication Breakdown in Intercultural Marriages

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to explore the causes of communication breakdown in intercultural marriages.

Methods and Materials: A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured interviews with 28 participants recruited from online platforms. The study followed a phenomenological approach, and theoretical saturation determined the sample size. Data were analyzed using NVivo software through open coding, axial coding, and thematic analysis to identify key communication challenges in intercultural marriages. Trustworthiness was ensured through member checking and reflexive journaling to minimize researcher bias.

Findings: The results revealed three main themes contributing to communication breakdown: language and expression barriers, cultural and value-based differences, and emotional and psychological challenges. Participants reported struggles with linguistic misunderstandings, differences in emotional expression, and humor misalignment. Cultural expectations, such as gender roles, family involvement, and conflict resolution styles, further complicated communication. Psychological factors, including cultural identity struggles, trust issues, and adaptability, also played a crucial role. The ability to develop intercultural sensitivity and communication competence was identified as a key factor in mitigating misunderstandings and fostering relationship harmony.

Conclusion: Communication breakdown in intercultural marriages is influenced by a complex interplay of linguistic, cultural, and psychological factors. While language proficiency and cultural adaptation can improve communication, deeper challenges related to identity negotiation and emotional expression require ongoing effort and mutual understanding. Future research should explore additional sociocultural influences, and practical interventions, such as intercultural communication training, could help couples navigate these challenges more effectively.