Effect of Wearing the Elevation Training Mask on Physiological Performance in Elite Kayaking Girls

Abstract

Background:  The elevation training mask 2.0 (ETM) has been introduced as a novel tool to allow for respiratory muscle training and altitude exposure during exercise that can improve performance and hematological markers in elite and well-trained athletes. Objectives:  The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of wearing ETM while performing exercise training on erythropoietin (EPO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), peak oxygen consumption (VO_2max), lactate, and 1000-m kayaking performance in elite Kayaking girls. Methods:  Thirty elite Kayaking girls (14 to 18-year-old) were equally and randomly assigned into mask, no mask, and control groups. The mask and no-mask groups completed 8 weeks of repeated sprint training, while the control group performed their routine kayaking training programs. Pre- and post-training tests included EPO, VEGF, VO_2max, lactate, and 1000-m kayaking performance. Results:  We showed that 1000-m time trial significantly decreased for mask (P < 0.001) and control (P = 0.035) groups, and was significantly lower in mask group than control (P = 0.014) and no mask (P = 0.009) groups. EPO did not show any significant changes for all groups. VEGF was increased significantly for mask (P = 0.04) and no mask (P = 0.014) groups. Lactate was decreased significantly for mask group (P = 0.025). VO_2max increased significantly for no mask group (P = 0.021). Conclusions:  Performing repeated sprint training while wearing ETM has the potential to enhance performance in Kayak racing.